We have shown that when sharply focusing a linearly polarized optical vortex with topological charge 2, in the near-axis region of the focal Detergent Drawer Housing plane, not only does a reverse energy flow (the negative on-axis projection of the Poynting vector) occur, but also the right-handed circular polariza-tion of light.Moreover, due to sp

Security in modern smart metering communications and in smart grid networks has been an area of interest recently.In this field, identity-based mutual authentication including credential privacy Console Table without active involvement of a trusted third party is an important building block for smart grid technology.Recently, several schemes have b

Abstract Acupuncture is an alternative treatment for wide spectrum chronic pain.However, its validity remains controversial due to the disputed efficacy assessed in various clinical studies.Moreover, variability amongst individuals complicates the predictability of outcome, which impedes the integration of acupuncture into mainstream pain managemen